DELAWARE

CHILD SEX ABUSE SOLs

CURRENT CIVIL SOL

CSA: There is no SOL for civil CSA claims against any defendants. 

 Trafficking: The SOL is age 23 for trafficking claims.

 CSAM: There is no SOL for civil CSAM claims against any defendants. 

CIVIL SOL SNAPSHOT

AGE CAP

CSA: NONE

TRAFFICKING: AGE 23

CSAM: NONE

REVIVAL LAW

NONE

DISCOVERY TOLLING

NONE

 

 Civil SOL History

Age Cap

2002

Age 21 (age of majority, 18, plus 3 years).[i]

2007

Eliminated SOL for CSA and CSAM claims.[ii]

2010

Eliminated SOL for CSA and CSAM claims by a patient against a health care provider.[iii]

2014

Extended SOL for trafficking, forced labor, and sexual servitude to age 23 (age 18 plus 5 years).[iv]

 

Revival Law

2007

Enacted the Child Victim’s Act, opening a 2-year revival window for previously expired CSA claims against all defendants from July 10, 2007 to July 9, 2009.[v]

2010

Added a 2-year window which opened from July 13, 2010 until July 13, 2012 for CSA and CSAM claims by a patient against a health care provider because the original window inadvertently did not apply to such claims.[vi]

 

Discovery

Common Law

In 2006, the judiciary recognized that repressed memories of CSA fall within the common law discovery rule exception for “inherently unknowable injuries.”[vii]  The 2-year SOL would not begin to run until a victim with repressed memories became aware of the abuse.[viii]  Although Delaware eliminated its SOL for all claims of CSA in 2007, the common law discovery rule is still applicable to claims for abuse that occurred prior to July 9, 2005, including those involving repressed memories.[ix] 

Statutory

Delaware does not have a statutory discovery rule for CSA claims.

 

[i] Del. Code Ann. tit 10, §§ 8107 (two years), 8116 (minority tolling); Eden v. Oblates of St. Francis de Sales, No. 04C-01-069 CLS, 2006 WL 3512482, at *3 (Del. Super. Ct. Dec. 4, 2006) (stating that for personal injury action for CSA, “the SOLs extends to three years after he reaches the age of majority.”).

[ii] Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8145(a) (CSA SOL).

[iii] Id. at  tit. 18, § 6856 (general limitations) (stating the SOL for the “civil cause of action for sexual abuse of a child patient by a health-care provider shall be based upon sexual acts which would constitute a criminal offense under the Delaware Code.”).

[iv] Id. at tit. 11, § 787(i)(3)(b).

[v] Id. at tit. 10, § 8145(b) (revival window); S.B. 29, 144th Gen. Assemb. Reg. Sess. (Del. 2007).

[vi] Del. Code Ann. tit. 18, § 6856 (revival window); H.B. 326, 145th Gen. Assemb. Reg. Sess. (Del. 2010).

[vii] Eden, supra note 201 at *3.  See also Keller v. Maccubbin, 60 A.3d 427, 429 (Del. 2013).

[viii] Eden, supra note 201, at *3; Keller v. Maccubbin, No. K11C-03015RBY, 2012 WL 1980417, at *3–4 (Del. Super. Ct. May 16, 2012) (determining, “[t]he Court will not depart from what has become the consistent application of repressed memory to the ‘time of discovery rule.’”).

[ix] Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8145 (2007); Sokolove v. Marenberg, No. S13C-08-022, 2013 WL 6920791, at *6 (Del. Dec. 5, 2013) (concluding that the SOL for CSA did not apply to claims arising after July 9, 2005).

CURRENT DELAWARE CIVIL LAW

Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 8145 - Civil suits for damages based upon sexual abuse of a minor by an adult

(a) A cause of action based upon the sexual abuse of a minor by an adult may be filed in the Superior Court of this State at any time following the commission of the act or acts that constituted the sexual abuse. A civil cause of action for sexual abuse of a minor shall be based upon sexual acts that would constitute a criminal offense under the Delaware Code.

(b) For a period of 2 years following July 9, 2007, victims of child sexual abuse that occurred in this State who have been barred from filing suit against their abusers by virtue of the expiration of the former civil statute of limitations, shall be permitted to file those claims in the Superior Court of this State. If the person committing the act of sexual abuse against a minor was employed by an institution, agency, firm, business, corporation, or other public or private legal entity that owned a duty of care to the victim, or the accused and the minor were engaged in some activity over which the legal entity had some degree of responsibility or control, damages against the legal entity shall be awarded under this subsection only if there is a finding of gross negligence on the part of the legal entity.

(c) A person against whom a suit is filed may recover attorneys’ fees where the Court determines that a false accusation was made with no basis in fact and with malicious intent. A verdict in favor of the accused shall not be the sole basis for a determination that an accusation was false. The Court must make an independent finding of an improper motive to award attorneys’ fees under this section.

Del. Code Ann. tit. 10, § 6856 - General Limitations

No action for the recovery of damages upon a claim against a health-care provider for personal injury, including personal injury which results in death, arising out of medical negligence shall be brought after the expiration of 2 years from the date upon which such injury occurred; provided, however, that:

(1) Solely in the event of personal injury the occurrence of which, during such period of 2 years, was unknown to and could not in the exercise of reasonable diligence have been discovered by the injured person, such action may be brought prior to the expiration of 3 years from the date upon which such injury occurred, and not thereafter; and

(2) A minor under the age of 6 years shall have until the latter of time for bringing such an action as provided for hereinabove or until the minor’s 6th birthday in which to bring an action.

(3)a. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary, a cause of action based on the sexual abuse of a child patient by a health-care provider may be brought at any time following the commission of the act or acts that constituted the sexual abuse. A civil cause of action for sexual abuse of a child patient by a health-care provider shall be based upon sexual acts which would constitute a criminal offense under the Delaware Code.

  1. Through July 13, 2012, a child patient who has been a victim of sexual abuse by a health-care provider which was discovered and reported to a person or legal entity specified in § 1731A of Title 24 or which was unknown to and could not in the exercise of reasonable diligence have been discovered by the child patient or a parent, guardian, and/or next friend of a child patient, and as a consequence whose claim is barred by virtue of the expiration of the former civil statute of limitations, shall be permitted to file such claim in the Superior Court of this State. If the health-care provider committing the act of sexual abuse against a child patient was employed by an institution, agency, firm, business, corporation, or other public or private legal entity licensed by the State to provide health-care services that owed a duty of care to the child patient, or the health-care provider was engaged in some activity over which such legal entity had control, damages against such legal entity shall be awarded under this paragraph only if there is a finding of gross negligence on the part of the legal entity. c. A person against whom a suit is filed may recover attorneys’ fees where the Court determines that a false accusation was made with no basis in fact and with malicious intent. A verdict in favor of the accused shall not be the sole basis for a determination that an accusation was false. The Court must make an independent finding of an improper motive to award attorneys’ fees under this section. d. Nothing contained in this section shall apply to conduct by a health-care provider which is consistent with the recognized standard of care or the subject of a written consent.

(4) A plaintiff may toll the above statutes of limitations for a period of time up to 90 days from the applicable limitations contained in this section by sending a Notice of Intent to investigate to each potential defendant or defendants by certified mail, return receipt requested, at the defendant’s or defendants’ regular place of business. The notice shall state the name of the potential defendant or defendants, the potential plaintiff and give a brief description of the issue being investigated by plaintiff’s counsel. The 90 days shall run from the last day of the applicable statute of limitations contained in this section. The notice shall not be filed with the court. If suit is filed after the applicable statute of limitations in this section, but before the 90-day period in this section expires, a copy of the notice shall be attached to the complaint to prove compliance with the statute of limitations.

Case law

CURRENT CRIMINAL SOL

CSA: There is no SOL for all felony and misdemeanor CSA crimes.

 Trafficking: There is no SOL for felony trafficking violations.

 CSAM: There is no SOL for CSAM violations.

CRIMINAL SOL SNAPSHOT

CSA

NO SOL

TRAFFICKING

NO SOL

CSAM

NO SOL

 

Criminal SOL History

Age Cap

2002

The criminal SOL was 2 years following the initial disclosure of the crime to child protection services or law enforcement, or 10 years from the offense with a DNA match.[i]

2003

Eliminated the SOL for all felony and misdemeanor CSA crimes, including CSAM offenses.[ii]

2014

Eliminated the SOL for felony sex trafficking.[iii]

 

[i] Id. at § 205(e) (2002) (no SOL).

[ii] Id. at §§ 205 (2003) (no SOL), 1108 (sexual exploitation of a child), 1109-11 (child pornography).

[iii] Id. at § 205(e) (2014) (no SOL).

CURRENT DELAWARE STATE LAW

Del. Code Ann. tit. 11 § 205(e) - Time limitations.

(e) Notwithstanding the period prescribed by subsection (b) of this section, a prosecution for any crime that is delineated in § 787 of this title and in which the victim is a minor, subpart D of subchapter II of Chapter 5 of this title, or is otherwise defined as a “sexual offense” by § 761 of this title except § 763, § 764 or § 765 of this title, or any attempt to commit said crimes, may be commenced at any time. No prosecution under this subsection shall be based upon the memory of the victim that has been recovered through psychotherapy unless there is some evidence of the corpus delicti independent of such repressed memory. This subsection applies to all causes of action arising before, on or after July 15, 1992, and to the extent consistent with this subsection, it shall revive causes of action that would otherwise be barred by this section.

Case Law

The information provided is solely for informational purposes and is not legal advice. To determine the Delaware SOL in a particular case, contact a lawyer in the state.

Last Updated: November 29, 2023